Die-casting machine



Sept. 5, 1939. F. LANNERT DIE-CASTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 7, 1935 6Sheets-Sheet l I nilnior; Fez/21?: Jaime/-25 Sept. 5, 1939. F. LANNERTDIE-CASTING MACHINE Filed Dec. '7; 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 fzvenzor Franklamzer f BY m cum @m/fim Sept. 5,-1939. F. LANNERT 2,171,628

DIE-CASTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 7, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 172092502",-fiarz/z Za/merf Sept. 5, 1939. F. LA'NNERT 2,171,528

' DIE-CASTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 7, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 lFzveni'or;Frank Larznerf Sept. 5, 1939. F. LANNERT DIE-CASTING MACHINE Filed Dec.7, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 3E5 mu Q Patented Sept. 5, 1939' r PATENTOFFICE 2,171,628 DIE-CASTING MACHINE Frank Lannert, Chicago, 111.,assignor to Paragon Die Casting Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation ofIllinois Application December '1, 1935, Serial No. 53,311

8 Claims.

. This invention relates to machines for diecasting metals underrelatively high pressures. The particular object of the invention is toprovide a die-casting machine which shall be capable 5 of automaticallyand rapidly performing a cycle of operations in proper sequence and inproper 'time relation, so that the metal shall be cast under the desiredpressure and the die opened after suflicient time has elapsed to permitthe 10 metal to congeal. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of adie-casting machine embodying the features of my invention. I

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine. In Figs. 1 and 2 the die is shownclosed. Fig. 3 is a fragmentai side elevation, showing the die open. I

Fig. 3"- isa section on line P-J' of Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 is a fragmental sectional view, showing the die closed. I

Fig. 51s a section on line H of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a section on line -0 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 71s a section on line I''I of Fig. 4.

Fig. 815 a section on line 8-4 of. Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is a section on line 8-9of Fig. '7.

I Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic illustration of the machine.

Figs. 11, '12 and 13 tain valves.

Fig. 14 (Sheet is a fragmental plan view of an alternative form ofcore-pulling and inserting mechanism.

.Fig. 15 is a section on line I5.-l5 of Fig. 14. The embodiment hereinshown of theinvention comprises a supporting framework consisting of abase I, a platen 2, brackets 3 and beams 4 to which the platen 2 isrigidly secured, and two parallel inclined rails 5 supported above thebase I on the brackets 3 and i. The framework of the machine furthercomprises four guide rods 1 rigidly secured to and extendingperpendicularly from the platen 2. The outerends oi the guide ,rods 1are supported in a frame 8 having rollers 9 which stand on the rails 5.As shown in Fig. 1, the outer ends of the guide rods 1 are screwthreadedand extend through openings in the frame 8, being secured to said frameby means of nuts III. The screw-thread connection between the guide rods1 and the frame 8 permits the framet'o be secured at the proper distancefrom the platen 2 in accordance with the dimensions of the dies.

The die comprises a stationarysection I I which is detachably secured tothe platen 2, and a movable section I2 which is detachably secured to aare sectional views of cercarriage I3 (Figs. 1 and 6). Said carriage isslidably mounted on the guide rods 1 and has wheels I4 that run upon therails 5. It will, of course, be understood that the shape and dimensionsof the die-sections I I and I2 will vary in accordance with the work inhand.

The die-section I I may be secured to the platen 2 in any desiredmanner, as 'by means of clamp members ll- (Figs. 4 and 7) and may beaccurately located on the'platen by means of dowel pins I4".

The means for moving the die-section I2 into and out of contact with thedie-section I I and for locking the die-sections in tight contact witheach other comprises four pairs of toggle links I 5, each pair of linksbeing pivoted at one end to the carriage I3 and at its opposite end tothe frame 8. When the toggles are in alined position, as shown inFigs.'1 and 4, two of the toggles extend close to the plane of thetwoupper guide rods 1 and the other two toggles extend close to theplane of the two lower guide rods 1. The upper toggles are connected attheir mid-points to the mid-points of the lower toggles by means oflinks I6. It will be seen that'the four toggles I5 and the links I6constitute a parallel-motion connection by means of which the carriageI2 may be moved toward and away from the platen 2. The means for flexingand straightening the toggles I5 to reciprocate the carriage I3 and tohold the diesection I2 tightly pressed against the die-section IIcomprises a cylinder II having trunnions I1 (Fig. 3) that are carried inbearings on brackets ll which arerigidly secured to the frame 8. Thecylinder I1 is located atone side of the path of movement of thedie-section I2. In said cylinder is a piston I! which is secured to aplunger 20, said plunger being attached to a crosshead 20 which ispivoted to the mid-points of two pairs of toggle links 2I. The lowerends of the pair of toggle links 2I are pivoted to the mid-points of thelower pairs-of toggle links I! (Fig. 5). The upper ends of the two pairsof toggle links 2I are pivoted to the brackets I8 at 2| which is at oneside of the path of movement of the die-section I2, thus making possiblethe use of relatively long togglelinks 2I. The locked position of thetoggles I5 and 2| is determined bycontact of the piston I! with a stopportion 2| (Figs. 3 and 4). By 5 cision in the casting of the metal, andpreventing the escap of metal between the die-sections.

Means has been provided for automatically inserting cores into theimpression or impressions a (Figs. 6 and 9) formed between the dies andfor automatically withdrawing the cores.

casting or castings to be formed. The cores are indicated in Figs. 3 and6 by the number 22.

They are mounted for rectilinear movement per- 1 pendicularly to thedirection of movement of the die-section I2 in guides 22 fastened tosaid diesection, and are attached to heads 22*. Each head 22 has a guidepin 22 that fits slidably in an opening in the die-section I2. The-heads22 have a screw-thread adjustable connection to yokes. 22. These yokesare connected by means of links 23 to levers 24. Said levers are pivotedon the pivot bolts 25 to brackets 26 rigidly secured to the carriage I3. To prevent the brackets 26 from springing under the pressures exertedin operation, they are rlgidly connected to the diesection I2 by meansof rods 26". As shown in Fig. 3, several openings are formed in eachbracket 26 and lever 24 to receive the p ot bolt 25 in order that theextent of movement of the core 22 may be adjusted by placing the pivotbolt 25' in. selected openings in the lever and the bracket. The reararm of the upper lever 24' is secured to. a yoke 21. The lever 24 maybesecured to the yoke 21 at various points in accordance with the positionof the core relative to the die-sections, the bolts 23 (Fig. 6) beinginsertable into selected -openings 29 in the yoke 21. The arms of theyoke 21 are connected to the frame 6 by means of links 36 and brackets30" (Fig. said brackets being attachable at various points as indicatedby the series of screw holes 36 (Fig. 3). The link 36 may be connectedwith the yoke 21 at either of two points, as shown in Fig. 3.

The rear arm of the lower lever 24 is connected'to the frame 8 by meansof a link 36. It will be seen that as the carriage I3 is moved, thecores 22 willbe moved into or out of the impressions q, depending uponthe direction of movementof the carriage.

If cores are to be inserted and withdrawn at right angles from theposition shown in the drawings, the brackets 26 may be secured to thevertical sides of the carriage I3, at "selected points, as indicated bythe screw holes 36* (Fig. 3). In such a re-arrangement, the links 30 areattached to appropriate ,sides of the frame 3.

Figs. 14 and 1 5 illustrate an arrangement for horizontally insertingand withdrawing two cores. Two brackets I35 are adapted to be securedtox'a vertical side of the carriage I3 by means of screws I36, aplurality of holes I31 being provided in the carriage to permit oflocating the brackets at desired points. To facilitate the handling ofthe brackets I35 when the latter are being located on and secured to thecarriage, I provide supporting means comprising a bracket I 38 fixed tothe carriage and rotatably supporting a screw I39 that extends freelythrough an aperfor rotating the screw I33 when the brackets I35 are tobe adjusted.

Each bracket pivotally supports a lever I, a

In the present instance, means has been provided forthus operating twocores, but it will be understood that in' practice the number of coreswill depend upon the number and character of the plurality of pivotholes being formed in the brack- I et and the lever to'aflord a range ofadjustment;

One arm of each lever is connected to a core by means of a link I42. Theopposite arm of the lever is connected to the frame 8 through a linkI43. It will be evident that as the carriage I3 and die-section I2 moveforward and back 'the cores will be inserted and withdrawn. To preventspringing of the brackets I35 as the cores are pulled, each bracket isconnected tothe diesection I2 by means of a tie-rod I44.v

. The means for supplying molten metal under pressure to the diecomprises a pot 3| (Fig. 4)v and a furnace 32, each of which may be ofany preferred character. The pot 3| is located close to the platen 2. Apump cylinder or well 33 is stationarily supported in the pot 3|, oneend of the cylinder communicating with the interior of the pot by meansof an inlet port 34 and the opposite end of the cylinder communicatingwith a gooseneck 35 by means of a channel 36. A plunger 31 in the pumpcylinder 33 is connected to a piston 38 in a cylinder 33 mounted on theframe 4. Preferably the plunger 31 is connected to the rod of the piston33 by means of a member 33 so that the plunger may be easily detachedand removed when cleaningor replacement is required. Forces tending toseparate the cylinders 33 and 39 are counteracted by the tie-rods 39(Fig. 8) and turnbuckles 33.

It will be seen that by operating the piston and cylinder 36-33, moltenmetal may be forced from the pump cylinder 33 and through the gooseneckto an inlet member 46 which extends between the end of the gooseneck 35and the gate of the die-section II. I v

A spreader pin 42 secured to the die-section I2. extends into the gate Hto aid in directing the stream of molten metal to the severalimpressions of the die. Pr

' The means for ejecting or freeing a casting from the movabledie-section I2 is herein shown as consisting of a. suitable number ofpins 43 fixed to a head 44. The pins 43 extends slidably throughopenings in the movable die-section I2, said openings extending to theimpressions a of the die. The head 44 is secured to the piston rod Y 45of a cylinder 46, said cylinder being mounted upon the carriage I3parallel with the guide rods 1. A rod 41 is securedto the head 44 and toa crosshead 43 on the piston rod 45, the rod 41 extending through aguide opening 43 in the cardie-section II when the die is closed. In theclosing movement of the die-sections, the pins 56 engage the die-sectionII .and thus insure that the 'ejector pins 43 shall be retracted fromthe im-' pressions a.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that power to move thedie-section I2 into and out of I operative position and to lock it inoperative-position, and to pull and insert the cores 22 is furnished bythe cylinder I1; that power for forcing moltenmetal into the die isobtained from the cylinder 36, and that power to eject the castingsfrom'the die is supplied by the cylinder 46. The

means herein shown for supplying pressure fluid to these cylinders inproper timed relation and under the control of the operator will now bede-, scribed.

A power unit 99 of well-known construction is connected to an oilreservoir 9| by means of a supply pipe 82. In the present embodiment ofthe invention I have shown a power unit manufactured by VickersIncorporated, Detroit, Michigan, comprising two positive displacementpumps 99 and 69 01' the sliding vane type, but it will be understoodthat my invention is not limited to the use of such a power unit. Thepumps 69' and 99 are arranged to be continuously driven at the samespeed by means of an electric motor M or other source of power. A valveunit 69 of known construction is connected between the pumps 99 and 69and a pressure supply pipe 96 and a return pipe 61. -A by-pass line 63extends between the valve unit 69 and the tank H. In said line is aby-pass valve 94 which may be opened and closed by a handle 95.

The flow of oilto and from the die-and-coreoperating cylinder I1 iscontrolled by means of a valve A. The cylinder 39 that forces moltenmetal into the die is controlled by means of a valve 13, while thecylinder 46 that operates the ejector is controlled by means of a valveC.

Oil under pressure is supplied to the valves A, B and C by means of thebranched pipe 86. Oil which is exhausted from the cylinders through saidvalves is returned from the valves to the reservoir 9i through thebranched pipe 51.

Referring first to the connections between the die and-core-operatingcylinder ii and its controlling valve A: The slidable valve member ofsaid valve is arranged to connect the supply pipe 66 alternately topipes 69 and 99 leading to the opposite ends of said cylinder. Fluidexhausted from the cylinder 111 through thepipes t9 and 89 leaves thevalve through the ports lil'and 10, respectively, and thence flowsthrough a passage I! that communicates with the drain pipe 61.

The opposite ends of the pressure casting cylindex 39 are connected tothe valve B by means oi pipes 13 and Fluid forced from said cylinderthrough said pipes leaves the valve B through ports 15 and 16 and flowsthence to a passage 1? that connects with the drain pipe 61.

An accumulator tank 19 is connected at its upper end to a source ofcompressed air so that the tank maybe charged with air under a pressureof say, 400 or 500 pounds per square inch.

After thus charging the tank with compressed air,

the source of supply is shut off by a valve 19 so as to confine thecharge of air in the tank. 19", 19 and 18 are drain cocks connected tothe tank at difierent heights. The lower end of the accumulator tank i9is connected to the valve B through a pipe it. The slidable valve memberof the valve B is arranged to connect the pipes" and 19 or the pipes itand 68, depending upon the position of said valve member. The pipe 96 isconnected to the accumulator tank i8 through a pipe 99, apressure-regulating valve 8i in the pipe 65 serving to supply oil underthe desired pressure (say 1,090 pounds per square inch) to the pipe 89.M is a check valve interposed between said pipes to prevent flow of oilfrom the pipe 99 to the pipe 99. The slidable valve member of the valveC is arranged to connect the pipe t6 alternately with pipes 23?. and 823leading to opposite ends of the ejector cylinder 66. Fluid exhaustediromthe cylinder 56 flows through ports 94 and 85 to a passage 89 andthence to the drain pipe 51.

The valves A and B are arranged to be operated in succession under fluidpressure. For this purpose one end of the valve A is arranged to besupplied with pressure fluid through a tube 91 that supply pipe 66.

it extends from a valve D. The construction of this valve is best shownin Fig. 11. The other end of the valve A is arranged to be supplied withpressure fluid through a tube 99 also connected to the valve D. A draintube 99 extends from the valve D to the reservoir BI. A tube 99 connectsthe valve D to the pressure supply pipe 99.

As shown in Fig. 11, the oscillatory valve meniber SI of the valve 1)has a peripheral groove 92. In the initial or idle position shown inFigs. 16 and 11, the groove 92 connects the tubes 99 and 81 so thatpressure fluid is supplied to the valve A to hold said valve in theposition shown in Fig. 10. The valve member 9| also has ,a peripheralgroove 93 which, in the position shown in Fig. 11, connects the oppositeend of the valve A through the tube 99 to the drain tube 99. When thevalve member 9| is moved clockw'se to its operated position, the groove92 connects the tubes 91- and 99, and the groove 93 connects the supplytube 99 with the tube 88, therebycausing the valve A to operate 'toconnect the supply pipe 99 with the pipe Bland to connect the pipe 69with the out-' let port 1|. The piston I9 is thereby driven downwardlyto close and lock the die.

The valve member 9| is provided with a hand lever 94 for manuallyoperating the valve D to supply pressure fluid to the cylinder I1.Automatic means is provided for restoring the valve D to its initialposition after a suitable interval, said means comprising a cylinder, 95containing a piston 99 having attached thereto a trip projection 91arranged to engage an arm 98 fixed to the valve member 95. One end ofthe cylinder 95 is connected through a tube 99 to a valve ltd connectedinto the pipe 13. The valve M9 is of any conventional constructionadapted to open communication between the pipes 13 and 99 when thepressure in the pipe 13 reaches a desired point,

as, for example, 1090 pounds per square inch. The opposite end of thecylinder 99 is connected through a tube IN to a valve I 92 which issimilar to the valve I99, the valve I92 being connected into the pipe14. In the tube IN is a timing valve I92 to retard the flow of the oil'to the cylinder 95, but to allow oil to exhaust freely from the upperend of said cylinder when the'trip 91 is reset. Any preferredconstruction of timing valve may be employed, as, for example, thatshown in Fig. 13. As therein shown, the valve member I 92 restricts theflow of oil in one direction, while the ball valve I92 permits oil toflow freely in the opposite direction.

The valve B, like the valve A, is arranged to be operated by fluidpressure. The opposite ends of the body of the valve B are connected toa valve E by means of tubes I93 and I94. M is a tube connecting thevalve E to the pressure 896 is a drain pipe connecting the valve E tothe drain pipe 91. The valve E comprises an oscillatory-valve member i91(Fig. i2) having a peripheral groove Hill-which, when the valve is inthe position shown in Figs. and 12, connects the pressure supply pipeI95 with the tube I94; and a groove I99 which connects the pipe I93 toto the drain pipe Mt. When the valve member I91 is in the oppositeposition the pressure supply tube I95 is connected to the tube I99through the groove M9, and the pipes I96 and I99 are connected throughthe groove I99.

The valve E is arranged to be automatically operated by two trips such,for example, as those illustrated in Fig. 10. H9 is a cylinder, one endof which is arranged to be supplied with pressure fluid through a tubeiii extending from H3 is a drain tube connected to that end of the valveII3 which contains the spring I". The- .4 I the 'pipe 39. The other endof the cylinder H3 is supplied with pressure fluid through a tube II2.which isconnected to a valve H3. The valve I I3 is connected through atube II4 to a valve II! which is similar to the valves I 09 and I82, thevalve IIS being connected into the tube 38. A shut-oi! valve H5 isconnected into the tube II4. The valve II3 comprises a slidable valvemember H6 which is normally held in the closed position shown in Fig. 10by means of a spring I".

valve member H6 is arranged to be slid into position to establishcommunication between the tubes H4 and H2 by means of an armII! (Fig. 4)fixed to one of the toggle links IS in position to engage the stem I ofthe valve member II gage an arm I fixed to the valve member I01.

' A trip I26, similar to the projection I24, is arranged to engage anarm I2I fixed to the valve member I01; The trip I20 is arranged to beoberated by a fluid-pressure actuator I26 similar to the actuator IIO, I2|, I23, both actuators being connected to the pressure supply tube IIIand to'the drain tube I22. Pressure fluid is arranged tobe supplied toone end of the actuator for the trip I26 through a tube I28 which isconnected to the tube 99 a timing valve I28 being connected into thetube I 28.

Swivel joints are provided in the various pipes to permit of therequired movement of the: cylinders I! and 46. I

The valve C is arranged to be manually operated'to cause ejection of thecastings. I30 is a hand lever connected to the valve member of the valveC and normally held by 'a spring I3I in position to prevent actuation ofthe ejector.

The operation of the machine may be summarized as follows:

I After starting the motor M, the by-pass valve 64 is closed by shiftingthe handle 85 to the position shown in Fig. 10. .The power unit 80 thenbuilds up, a pressure 01', say, 1000 pounds per square inch .on the oilin the pipe 06. Oil flows through the valves 8I and 8| and the pipe 80to the accumulator tank I8 until the oil reaches or slightly exceeds thelevel of the drain cock 18", any excess being drained through said cock.The cock is then closed and the motor M stopped. Compressed air is thenadmitted to the tank I8 until thedesired pressure, say, 400 or 500pounds per square inch, is reached, the valve 18 being then closed. Themotor M is then restarted,

whereupon oil is forced into the tank I0 through the valves 8| and 8|!until the pressure in the tank reaches the desired working pressure asdetermined by the valve 8|. The dotted line a: indicates the approximatelevel of the oil in the tank.

With the machine in the position shown in Fig. 3, the operator turns thehand lever 94 (Fig. 10) in the clockwise direction to connect thepressure supply tube 90 with the tube 88, thereby causing the valvemember of the valve A to move to the position opposite to that shown inFig. 10, thus connecting the pressure supply pipe 66 to the pipe 58, andconnecting the pipe 69 to the drain pipe 01. The piston I9 is therebydriven downwardly to close the die-sections and lock them tightlytogether. As the closing and locking operation is consummated; the valveH3 is operated to establish communication between the tubes H4 and H2,but prmsure is not immediately supplied through said tubes to the tripactuator I23, because the valve I I0 does not open to supply pressurefluid to the tube II4 until the pressure in the tube 68 and the upperend of the cylinder I1 has risen to the desired pressure, say,

1000 pounds per square inch. When that pres- ,sure has been attained,oil is supplied through the tubes 4 and H2 to actuate the trip I24 tooperate the valvemember I0I to cormect the supply tube I05 to the tubeI03, whereupon pres sure fluid is supplied to the lower end of the valveB, as represented in thediagram Fig/10,

thereby causing the valve memberof the valve B to move to the positionopposite to that shown in the diagram, thus connecting the pressuresupply pipe I9 to the pipe I3, at the same time blanking the pipe 86 andconnecting the pipe I4 to the outlet port Hi. Pressure fluid containedin the accumulator tank I8 under the predetermined pressure, say, 1000pounds, then flows through the pipes I9 and 13 to the upper end 01' thecylinder 39, whereupon the plunger 31 is actuated to drive molten metalfrom the cylinder 33 into the impressions of the die and hold the .metalunder pressure while it congealing.

The valve I00 allows pressure fluid to flow from the pipe "I3to the tube99 when the pressure in 'the pipe I3 has risen to 1000 pounds. Pressurefluid flows to the upper end of the actuator I28 for the trip I26 aftera delay determined by the val've I28 and thus causes said trip torestore the valve member IN to the normal or initial posi-.

' tion shown in Figs. 10 and 12. In 'suchrestoration of the valve memberI01, the arm, I25 restores the trip member I24 and the sleeve valve I2Ito their initial positions, as shown' in Fig. 10. The restoration of thevalve member I01 causes the pressure supply tube I05 tobe connected tothe tube I04, whereby the valve member of the valve B is returned to theposition shown in Fig.

' 10, and pressure is supplied through the pipes 66 and I4 to retractthe plunger 31 in the pump cylinder 33, the pipe I3 being connected tothe ex- .haust port I5 and the drain pipe 81. The valves I00 and I 28insure the lapse of suflicient time between the metal-injecting andplunger-withdrawing movements so that the metal in the die shall havetime to harden.

After the pressure in the pipe I4 "has reached 1000 pounds, the valveI02 allows oil to flow through the tube IM to the valve I02, and thenceto the upper end of the actuating cylinder 95 for the trip 91, thuscausing resetting of the valve member 9I to the position shown'in Figs.10 and 11. Such resetting of the valve member 9I connects the supplytube 90 with thetube 81, whereby the valve member of the valve A isreturned to the position shown in Fig. 10. The supply'pipe 66 isthereby'connected to the pipe 69, thus caustracted and before theunlocking and opening of the die is determined by the valves I02 andI02.

Pressure flows from the pipe 69 through the As soon as the accumulatorl8 acted to drive oil under high pressure into the upper end of thecylinder 39, the continuously-operating power unit 60 began rechargingthe accumulator with oil, oil under high pressure being thus availablefor another cycle of operations by the time the operator has wiped oilthe contacting faces of the die-Sections, preliminary to operating thelever 94.

It will be seen that in the machine'herein disclosed the closing andlocking of the die, the

insertion of the cores, the injection of the molten metal, thewithdrawal of the cores, and the unlocking' and opening of the die areefiected automatically, rapidly, in correct sequence and at proper timeintervals, thus reducing the attention and exertions of the operator to,the minimum. The time intervals are variable through setting of thevalves i02 H and I28. Automaticity of operation is highly desirable, asthe great pressure under which the molten metal is cast creates suchhazards to persons in the vicinity of the machine that proper operationis essential.

While a pair of die-sections is being installed in the machine, and thenecessary adjustments made to effect proper locking of the die, the supply of oil to the valve H3 may be cut oif by closing the valve H5thereby shutting off the hydraulic circuits that control all theapparatus except the cylinder i'l, and thus permitting the cylinder 8'!to be operated without danger that molten metal shall be supplied to thedie.

While I have described the construction herein shown with considerableparticularity, it should be understood that the invention is not limitedto the details illustrated, and that various changes may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of the inventionv as defined in the appendedclaims.

For the sake of brevity, the hydraulic cylinders and pistons foroperating the die, the moltenmetal pump and the ejector will be referredto in the claims as rams.

I claim as my invention:

i. In an automatic die-casting machine having a die adapted to be openedand-closed, and a reciprocating-piston pump for forcing molten metalinto the die, a hydraulic ram connected to open and close the die, asecond hydraulic ram connected to actuate the pump,- a source ofhydraulic pressure connected to the rams, valve means in the connectionsto the die ram, valve means in the connections to the pump ram, a valvecontrolling the operation of the first valve means, a second valvecontrolling the operation of the second valve means, the first valvebeing arranged to be manually operated in one direction, meansautomatically actuated in the closing of the die for operating thesecond valve to operate the second valve means to actuate the pump toforce metal into the die, means for thereafter automatically actuatingthe second lalve to operate the second valve means to re- ;tore thesecond ram, and means for thereafter automatically operating the firstvalve to operate the first valve means to cause the die ram to open thedie.

2. In an automatic die-casting machine having a die adapted to be openedand closed, and means for forcing molten metal into the die, a hydraulicram connected to open and close the die, a second hydraulic ramconnected to actuate the metal forcing means, fluid-pressure means forautomatically actuating the first ram to close the die, then actuatingthe second ram to cause the metal-forcing means to force metal into thedie, then actuating the second ram to restore the metal-forcing means toidle position, and then actuating the first ram to open the die. andmanually operable means to'initiate operation of said fluid-pressuremeans.

3. In an automatic die-casting machine having a die adapted to be openedand closed, and a reciprocating-piston pump for forcing molten metalinto the die, a hydraulic ram connected to open and close the die, asecond hydraulic ram connected to actuate the pump, fluid-pressure meansoperated by the closing of the die to actuate the second ram to actuatethe pump to force metal into the die, fluid-pressure means operated bysuch actuation of the second ram to actuate the pump in the oppositedirection, fluid-pressure means operated by the last-mentioned actuationof the pump to actuate the first ram to open the die.

i. In an automatic die-casting machine having a die adapted to be openedand closed, and a reciprocating-piston pump for forcing molten metalitno the die, a hydraulic cylinder and piston connected to open andclose the die, a hydraulic cylinder and piston connected to actuate thepump, a source of hydraulic pressure, valve means controlling the supplyof pressure to the die cylinder, valve means controlling the supply ofpressure to the pump cylinder, a valve controlling the operation of thefirst valve means, a second valve controlling the operation of thesecond valve means, the first valve being arranged to be manuallyoperated in one direction.

5. A die-casting machine having, in combination, a platen, a die-sectiondetachably secured to the platen, guide members secured to the platenperpendicularly thereto, a'carriage mounted on said guide members tomove toward and away from the platen,-a coacting die-section detachablysecured to the carriage, a frame adjustably mounted on said guidemembers, means including a pair of toggle links connecting the acarriage to the frame, a second pair of toggle links connecting themidpoint of the first pair to said frame, and a hydraulic cylinderpivotally mounted on said frame and having a piston connected to themidpoint of the second pair 01' toggle links, for reciprocating thecarriage and looking it in closed-die position.

' 6:3. A die-casting machine having, in combination, a platen, adie-section secured thereto, a coacting die-section, and means formoving the latter section and for locking it in contact with the otherdie-section, said means including a toggle connecting thesecond-mentioned die-section to a stationary point, a second toggleconnected at one end to the mid-point of the first toggle and at itsother end to a stationary point located at one side of the path ofmovement oi the second-mentioned die-section, and a hydraulic ramconnected to the mid-point of the second toggle and located at onetravel of the second-mentioned. die-section.

side of the path of 7. In an automatic die-casting machine, incombination, a die, a reciprocatory pump for forcing molten metal intothe die, a hydraulic ramtor closing and opening the die, a secondhydraulic ram for causing'said pump to force metal into the die and forthen returning the pump to its initial position, fluid-pressure meansoperated by the closing of the die to actuate the [second ram to causethe pump toiorce metal into the die and then return the pump to itsinitial position, and fluid-pressure means operated upon the return ofthe pump'to its initial position to actuate the first ram to open thedie. v 8 In an automatic die-casting machine, in combination; a die, areciproca'tory pump for forcing molten metah into the die, a hydraulicfluid-pressure means.

ram for closing and opening the die, a second hydraulic ram foroperating saidpump through a. cycle comprising 'torcing metal into thedie and then returning to its initial position. fluid-prey sure meansfor actuating the first ram to'close the die, fluid-pressure meansautomatically operated by the closing of "the die to actuate the secondram to operate the pump through its cycle, said first-mentionedfluid-pressure means being automatically operated by the return of thepump to its initial position to actuate the first ram to open the die,and manually operable means to initiate operation of the first-mentionedmam: mmmn'r.

